Method of and means for operating internal-combustion engines and the like.



E. A. RUNDLUF. METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR OPERATING INTERNAL'COMBUSTION ENGINES AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9,1914.

Patented Mar. 27 1917.

'INVENTOB.

WITNESSES l it:

ERIK ANTON RUNDLfiF, OF STOGEKSUND, SWEDEN.

nrnrnon or AND MEANS non ornna'r me mu'nnnnn-connus'rrou ENGINES AND THE LIKE. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 9, 191a. Seria1Nof817A74.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERIK ANTON RUND- Lon, a subject of the King of Sweden, resid- 2o and partly for the jection of air for these ing at Stocksund,

usually during the in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Means for Operating Internal-Combustion Engines and the like, of whiclu the following is a speci fication, reference being had to the drawing accompanying and forming a part hereof.

The method of operating internal combustion engines forming the object of this invention is distinguished from previously known methods concerning that part of.

the operation of the engine which involves the introduction'of air into the same. As well known, the air is used besides for the combustion, partly and for mixing with the gasified fuel for the purpose of producing the gas mixture,

cleaning of the combustion chamber of the engine. In all previously known operating methods the inpurposes takes place periodically in'such a manner that the,air passing through one or more'inlet openings is always completely shut otf from the engine one or more times during each cycle,

greater part of the compression and expansion strokes.

The present invention is characterized by that during the operation of the engine, one or more jets of air are continually or nearly continually admitted into the engine and preferably into its combustion chamber,

cycle for expulsion, of, the burned gas scavenging or for air circulation in combustion chamber, or for both.

The air is preferably admitted under a the pressure greater than the explosion pressure, so that the jet of air should not be interrupted during any time of the cycle of action of the engine. The advantages of this method-are in the first place that the longest time possible is obtained for the seavenging of the combustion chamber and thereby also an as thorough scaven as possible, and, secondly, that the air for diffusing the fuel 'bustion engine.

kept in constant circupressure, under which the air or the gas-mixture is lation. The is admitted highest pressure arising. inthe cylinder, on account of which the air will be kept back during this short pressure period. i

In consequence of the air being introduced in this manner the expulsion of the burned gas from the combustion chamber into the cylinder may even commence before the burned as can leave the cylinder, and continue as long as the pressure in the cylinder is less than the air pressure. Consequently it is not necessary, as in previously known two-cycle engines to postpone the scavenging until the end of the stroke of the piston, then only to take placeduring an extremely short moment.

The invention is exemplified in the accompanying drawing, which shows in diagram a section of an engine arranged according to the. invention.

1 denotes the cylinder, 2 the combustion chamber, 3 the piston, and 4 the exhaust pipe for the burned gas of an internal com- In the upper part of the combustion chamber 2 is secured the air inlet 5, which is kept open as long as the engine is running. Consequently, the air, which in suitable manner is kept under pressure, is admitted in a continual or nearly continual jetinto the combustion chamber 2. From the aforesaid it will be readily understood that the scavenging takes place during 'a considerably longer time than when the piston, as

is usually the case, has to come down near to the end of its stroke in order to lay open the comparatively in known manner leads from the crank case of the engine, utilized as compression chamber. Moreover, the admission of air,

according to the invention, commences in the combustion chamber proper, and, consequently, the scavenging will be most of fective at just that desired.

' Patented Mar. at, iai t.

may, however, be less than the small air-inlet 6, whichv so arranged that it may be .pointy'vhere it is most In addition to the aforesaid theadvantage Q is also attained that during forced running, when the walls of the combustion chamber become very heated, the jet of air may be regulated by means of a valve, and by increasing the quantity of air admitted a corresponding cooling of the walls may be attamed, simultaneously as more air is 0b tained-for the expulsion of the burned gas, which is on such occasion developed in great quantities. a

The invention also comprises this arrangement that the fuel inlet, which in the drawing is indicated by the conduit 7 is located so that the fuel is injected into the air-j et in immediate proximity to the nozzle of the air-inlet. The fuel, or some other liquid, is periodically injected in usual manner during each cycle, and during this injection the air and the fuel jets meet each other, so that the air acts difli'usively on the fuel and becomes mixed with the same. IVhen the fuel injection has ceased the air only flows in, continually or nearly continually, and performs the scavenging in the aforesaid manner.

In the case related above that the pressure.

under which the air is injected is less than the maximum pressure in the cylinder, the air conduit may suitably be provided with a back valve in order to prevent the gases from entering the air conduit.

Having now fully described my invention and the manner in which it is to be -performed what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The method of operating internal combustion engines and the like consisting in introducing fuelinto and causing the same to ignite in the engine at intervals, and in admitting during the operation of the engine an approximately continual jet of air into the engine, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The method of operating internal combustion engines and the like consisting in introducing fuel into and causing the same to ignite in the engine at intervals, and in admitting approximately continually during the operation of the engine a jet of air into the combustion chamber of the. engine, said jet of air being utilized for the scavenging of the combustion chamber, substantially as described. 1

3. The method of operating internal combustion engmes and the like consisting in introducing fuel into and causing the same to ignite in the engine at intervals, and in admitting approximately continually during the operation of the engine a jet of air into the combustion chamber of the engine, said 7 et of air being utilized for causing circulation of air in the combustion chamber and in the cylinder of the engine, substantially as described.

4. The, method of operating internal combustion engines and the like consisting in introducing fuel into and causing the same to ignite in the engine at intervals, and in admitting approximately continually during the operation of the engine a jet of air into the combustion chamber of the engine, said jet of air being utilized during one part of the cycle of action of the engine for difl'using and for mixing with the fuel, and during the other part of the cycle of action of the engine for scavenging and for causing circulation of air in the combustion chamber and in the cylinder of the engine, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The method of operating internal combustion engines and the like consisting in introducing fuel into and causing the same to ignite in the engine at intervals, and in admitting during the operation of the en gine an approximately continual jet of air into the engine, for the purpose of scavenging the combustion chamber, or causing circulation of air in the combustion chamber, or in the cylinder of the engine, or for diffusing and mixing with the fuel, or other liquid, during a part of the cycle of action of the engine and scavenging or causing circulation of air in the combustion chamber or in the cylinder of the engine during the other part of the cycle of action of the engine, substantially as described.

6. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a combustion chamber, of means for admitting a practically continual jet of air into the said chamber substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a combustion chamber, of means for admitting a practically continual jet of air into the said chamber and means for admitting fuel into the said chamber in the way of the jet of air-and. in close proximity to the means for admitting the air, for the purpose of difi'using the fuel by means of and mixing the same with the air, substantially as describe ERIK ANTON RUNDLOF.

Witnesses:

FREDRIK 'SonMrrnRLow, Nonvrs PERRY. 

